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Articles and Advice |
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| Transferring loan on inherited home By Benny Kass DEAR BENNY: I recently inherited my mom's home, valued at $136,000. Unfortunately, she had a home equity line of credit (HELOC) on it for $66,000. Apparently, a relative talked her into getting this loan to start a small business. Of course she was stuck paying the loan, and the payments are current. I would like to move into the home but have had no luck with the lender in transferring the loan to my name. What are my options? I really do not want to refinance because her interest rate was 3.25 percent, which is fantastic. I am at a loss. I am maintaining all the expenses of this home but receive no benefits. --Sheila DEAR SHEILA: First, have you probated your mother's estate? Depending on how she held title to the house, you may have to go to probate to make sure that the house is really in your name. If title was held in both your names as joint tenants with rights of survivorship, then you will automatically own the house. (Note: Not all states use the same terminology, so you should consult a local attorney for clarification of who currently owns the house.) But if the house was in your mother's name only, then title is in "legal limbo." In other words, until a probate court issues a final order, you cannot do anything with the house legally. You state that the current interest rate is 3.25 percent. Have you reviewed the legal documents relating to the HELOC? Although I have not seen those papers, I suspect that the interest rate is variable -- in other words, it may be readjusted periodically, possibly every year. Now to your specific question: Back in 1982, Congress enacted what is known as the Garn-St. Germain Depository Institution Act. Although this law deals with a lot of subjects, one of them relates to your situation. In most mortgages, there is a provision known as a "due on sale" clause. This means that if a house is sold or transferred, the new owner cannot automatically assume the old loan. However, the 1982 law imposed a number of restrictions on lenders who want to use that due-on-sale clause. Specifically, the language is as follows: "With respect to a real property loan secured by a lien on residential real property containing less than five dwelling units, including a lien on the stock allocated to a dwelling unit in a cooperative housing corporation, or on a residential manufactured home, a lender may not exercise its option pursuant to a due-on-sale clause upon ... a transfer to a relative resulting from the death of a borrower." You appear to fall under this exemption. You are a relative who inherited the house from your mother. I would talk to bank representatives and refer them to this law. If they continue to object, I suggest that you retain a lawyer to assist you. You can also file a formal complaint with the Office of the Comptroller, a federal agency that regulates national banks. Benny L. Kass is a practicing attorney in Washington, D.C., and Maryland. No legal relationship is created by this column. |
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| How pros drill through masonry By Paul Bianchina When it comes to drilling holes in concrete, concrete blocks, stone and other masonry, using a standard drill can be a real exercise in futility. The rotary motion of the drill bit -- even a carbide-tipped masonry bit -- is simply not sufficient to power through tough masonry surfaces. Instead, you need a drill that combines rotation with an in-and-out hammering motion. This combined action helps to break down the masonry as the bit advances, making for much faster drilling without burning the bit. There are two basic types of drills that offer this rotational and hammering combination: The hammer drill and the rotary hammer. The two tools are often confused, but there is a definite difference between them. Hammer drills A hammer drill looks very much like a standard drill, and is available in both corded and cordless versions. Hammer drills have a heavy-duty keyed or keyless chuck, and will accept standard drill bits and screwdriver bits in addition to carbide-tipped masonry bits. They tend to be a little less powerful than a dedicated rotary hammer, but since they can be used for both hammer drilling and conventional drilling and driving, they are more versatile. Like everything else in the tool world, you get what you pay for. Some lower-end hammer drills, especially cordless ones, are frustratingly short on hammering power, and their inexpensive construction makes for a short life span. So if you're considering investing in a hammer-drill/drill/driver combination, look for one with the quality, durability, and features that will allow it to do all three tasks well. One example of a high-end cordless hammer drill/drill/driver is the DeWalt DC927KL ($349). DeWalt is well known for high-quality tools that are designed with the needs of professional contractors in mind, so this is definitely a drill that will meet and exceed everything that the home handyman is looking for. The DeWalt Hammer Drill uses their new 18-volt nanophosphate lithium ion batteries for more durability and longer life. To handle the stress of the hammering action it's a little heavier and more ruggedly built than a conventional cordless drill, but DeWalt has added a rubberized, non-slip grip for comfort. The DC927 also has an all-metal, three-speed transmission that lets you match the speed of the drill to the type of work you're doing. By turning a simple mode selector collar, you can choose the appropriate speed for hammer-drilling, conventional drilling or driving fasteners. The heavy-duty all-metal chuck is 1/2 inch, and when you combine that with the auxiliary side handle you have a tool that will easily handle larger wood-boring bits and hole saws in addition to hammer-drilling concrete. The drill's variable speed is controlled by the trigger, and there's an adjustable clutch as well. The complete kit includes a one-hour charger, two batteries, an adjustable and removable side handle, and a case. Rotary hammers Rotary hammers are more powerful than hammer drills, and while they'll also do some standard drilling, their real purpose is drilling in masonry. Rotary hammers deliver heavier hammering action than the typical hammer drill, and some models also have a hammer-only setting, which allows them to be used with a chisel bit for light- to medium-duty chipping. True rotary hammers also use a different type of chuck and drill bits, known as SDS (slotted drive shaft). This type of keyless chuck slides back and forth to install the bits, rather than rotating. SDS chucks provide a non-slip grip on the bits that better withstands the hammering motion, but they will not work with conventional drill bits. If you have or anticipate a fairly regular need for drilling in concrete and masonry surfaces, a rotary hammer is probably a better choice than a combination hammer drill. An excellent example of a professional-quality corded rotary hammer that would also be suitable for homeowners is the 11258VSR from Bosch ($159), another company that manufactures excellent tools. Faster than a conventional hammer drill, the Bosch Rotary Hammer is also very comfortable to use, and the SDS chuck is easy to operate and grabs the bits securely. Bosch has designed this drill to be quieter and produce less vibration than comparable rotary hammers, so you can use it for longer periods without fatigue. And because this tool is built specifically with hammer-drilling in mind, you can count on durability and long life. The drill can be operated in hammer-drill or drill-only modes, and is switched with a simple dial on the side of the tool. The handle is comfortably padded, and the variable speed is trigger-controlled and reversible. Bosch also offers an optional snap-in three-jaw chuck adapter, which allows you to use the tool with conventional drill bits. The 11258VSR comes with a comfortable and adjustable side handle, an adjustable depth gauge to help you drill holes to specific depths, a selection of three different SDS carbide-tipped masonry bits, and a carrying case. Note: All product reviews are based on the author's actual testing of free review samples provided by the manufacturers. |
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| Neighbors pry over condo sale etiquette By Benny Kass DEAR BENNY: My wife and I own a condo in a two-unit building. Our downstairs neighbor, who bought the property only two years ago, recently put her unit on the market. Her inability to cover her mortgage obligation is the reason she is forced to sell now, instead of waiting for the market to improve. During the last two months, the listing agent has had three open houses per week: two hours on Tuesdays, and three hours each on Saturdays and Sundays. This is creating quite a bit of interference in our lifestyles in terms of commotion, driveway blocking, etc. In addition, the asking price now has been significantly reduced, thus lowering our "comparable" value. Do we have the right to limit formal "open houses" to the more respectful one time per week? Do we have any rights in the agent's publication of the lowered price (i.e., "Price Reduced" on the for-sale sign on our building)? Do we have any rights of "approval" of the financial condition of a prospective buyer? --Mark DEAR MARK: If you lived in a condominium with more units, your board of directors could impose reasonable restrictions. Most condominium legal documents prohibit actions that create a nuisance. But, unfortunately, it's you against your neighbor. Have you talked with her and explained that her agents are disturbing your peace and quite, and that your driveway -- which I assume is a common element -- is constantly being blocked? Short of cooperation, I am afraid that your only remedy is to seek an injunction in court, although there is no guarantee that you will be successful. As for your other questions, there is nothing you can do about the low sales price. Property owners have the right to sell their property at any price they want; they can also give it away should they so desire. In a cooperative apartment, the board of directors generally has the right to reject a prospective purchaser based on inadequate financial situation. However, very few condominiums have this right. Your only hope is that a purchaser's lender will look very carefully at the financial situation -- not only of the purchaser but also of the association. In today's market, lenders are very conservative. DEAR BENNY: I would like to know what can be done to the president of our condo association, who spent approximately $4,000 on projects that the board didn't approve and weren't emergencies. At the time I was a board member. These two projects were never discussed with the board as required by our bylaws. --Sue DEAR SUE: You have a number of options. But first, I have to ask you a question: Have you talked with the other members of the board of directors? Are they on board with you or are they supporting the president? Assuming that all of your other board members are in agreement, the board has the right to remove the president from office. Board members are elected by the unit owners, and only the unit owners by a majority vote can remove a board member. (Note: This answer is general in nature; you have to review your own legal documents -- declaration and bylaws -- to determine the process for removing a board member.) However, in most condominiums the board elects its own officers, and the board can also remove an officer. In your case, assuming that (1) you have properly noticed the time and place for a board meeting, (2) you have a quorum present at the meeting, and (3) a majority of the board members are in agreement, the board can ask the president to step down and the board will elect a replacement. As noted above, however, that board member will still remain on the board. Next, the board can call a special meeting of the owners for the sole purpose of removing that board member off the board. Again, you have to look at your bylaws and strictly comply with its requirements. Every legal condominium document I have ever reviewed contains a provision as to how a board member can be removed, but you may want to ask your association attorney for assistance. Finally, the board should formally ask the association attorney for a legal opinion as to whether the expenditure was permitted under your legal documents. If the attorney confirms that it was not a valid expenditure, the board should formally confront the president. This can be in an executive session of the board. Give him an opportunity to respond, and if he wants he can retain his own attorney to assist him. Once the board has met with the president and remains satisfied that this was not a valid expenditure, the board can (1) ask him to return the money out of his own pocket, and (2) after a hearing (which is usually informal) fine the president. Again, your association attorney will have to guide you on this process. Finally, and only if you and the association attorney are satisfied that the president did not have the authority to authorize this expenditure, you can publicly censure the president by sending a memorandum outlining the facts to all unit owners. Benny L. Kass is a practicing attorney in Washington, D.C., and Maryland. No legal relationship is created by this column. |
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| Find property problems before you buy By Dian Hymer To avoid a bad experience that could end up in a legal battle with the sellers over property problems, make sure your purchase agreement includes an inspection contingency. Your mission during the inspection contingency period is to find out as much as possible about the property and surrounding area, insurability of the property, permit history, zoning issues and cost to repair defects. Investigate any issues that could affect whether or not the property will suit your long-term needs at a price you can afford. Most states have home seller disclosure requirements. If you are buying in a state that doesn't require sellers to disclosure material facts, ask the sellers to disclose in writing any property defects or neighborhood issues they know about. Also, find out if there are systems that require routine maintenance, such as the furnace, drainage system, skylights and roof. After you clear the inspection hurdle, ask the seller to provide you with contact information for any people who have worked on the property that the sellers would recommend. Find out when major components were replaced and when the house was last painted. Find out how much the sellers pay for utilities. Ask for copies of proposals and paid invoices for any significant work done on the property. Basically, you want to know any problems the seller had with the property, what was done about it, by whom and when. If the roof was recently replaced, find out if it's covered by a warranty and if it's transferable to you. You may feel uncomfortable asking the sellers to provide additional information at the time you make the offer, particularly if there are multiple offers. In this case, ask the sellers for answers to your questions during the inspection contingency time frame. Questions will undoubtedly come up during your inspections. HOUSE HUNTING TIP: Even if the sellers have provided presale inspection reports and disclosures, have your own inspectors give the property a thorough exam. Some buyers hire the seller's home inspector to meet them at the property to explain the presale report and ask questions. This may save you money. But, saving money should not be the primary goal when having a property inspected. Buyers of newly built homes should ask the sellers for any construction-related documents like the geotechnical report, engineering calculations, and letters to the planning department confirming that the geotechnical engineer monitored the construction and confirmed that the house was built according to his recommendations. Ask the seller to leave the architectural plans, if they're available. Verifying livable square footage is a big issue in today's cautious mortgage environment. Many lenders won't count additions or renovations that add square footage in the appraised valuation of the property. If the sellers can't provide the supporting documentation, such as copies of approved permits, the property could appraise for less than you agreed to pay. This might jeopardize the transaction if the lender approved a lower mortgage amount than you requested. It's a good idea to check the permit history at the planning department yourself if the sellers can't provide copies of permits for work done. This should let you know if renovations were done with permits and if the permits received final approval. You should have this information before removing the inspection contingency. Many planning departments won't issue a new permit if there is a permit on record that never received final approval. The new owners might incur fees to clear up any outstanding permits before they can move forward with new improvements. THE CLOSING: With probate and REOs (bank-owned properties) you will receive minimal, if any, information about the property condition. Be extra careful with your due diligence investigations. Dian Hymer, a real estate broker with more than 30 years' experience, is a nationally syndicated real estate columnist and author. |
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| Presale inspections for smoother sales By Dian Hymer Homes are selling for less. Everyone's trying to cut back. Yet, many real estate agents think it's wise for sellers to provide presale inspections for buyers to review before they write offers. Is the cost, which could run from a few hundred to $1,000 or more, worth the expense? Last year, a home seller in the hills above Oakland, Calif., did a lot of work renovating a home before putting it on the market. Her agent recommended a home inspection, which involves a more comprehensive investigation of the property. A wood pest or termite report covers damage caused by wood-destroying organisms, and conditions that would be likely to lead to future infestation. A complete home inspection usually covers the roof to the foundation and everything in between, although this differs from one inspector to another. The seller in the above example was financially exhausted after taking care of the fix-up work and decided against providing a presale home inspection. The house was priced under market value and showed well. It brought in multiple offers and sold well over the asking price. However, the buyers' home inspection revealed that the foundation needed replacing. The deal stayed together, but only after a much lower price was negotiated. Changing the price in the middle of a transaction can be a red flag to the lender, particularly if it's a significant price reduction. The lender could require the work be done by closing, which could delay the closing by months. If the buyer's loan commitment expires, the transaction could collapse. HOUSE HUNTING TIP: One benefit of providing presale inspections on your home is that you have the opportunity to correct defects before marketing the property. This will make your home more salable and increase the odds of a smoother transaction. Another benefit is that by providing as much information about the property as possible upfront, you decrease the risk of a transaction falling apart when buyers discover information about the property they weren't aware of when they made their offer. One seller failed to provide a foundation report to the buyers before they made an offer. When the buyers were given the bad news, the transaction fell apart. If you have reports on your home, make sure that the buyers receive copies of them before they decide whether or not to buy your home, especially if the reports reveal conditions about the property that could influence the buyers' decision to buy or what they would pay. Sellers often see no good reason to pay for inspection reports upfront because the buyers will want to have their own inspectors investigate the property. Buyers should have the property inspected by their own inspectors. The purpose of getting presale inspections is not to preclude the buyers from having inspections -- it is to educate the sellers and buyers about the property condition before they enter into a contract. Sellers are in control of who inspects their home when they pay for presale inspections. Make sure to use inspectors who are well respected in the area. The buyers' comfort level with your presale reports will be higher if their agent can vouch for the inspectors. Even though the buyers will probably do their own inspections, having presale inspections can cut down on negotiations that can occur after the buyers do their inspections. However, don't be surprised if the buyers ask for something as a concession for removing their inspection contingency. Recently, buyers of a home in Oakland's Rockridge neighborhood asked the seller to have the garage roof replaced, even though they were given a roof report and replacement proposal before they made their offer. Their offer was based on taking the property in its present condition. THE CLOSING: The seller said no and the buyers removed their contingency. Dian Hymer, a real estate broker with more than 30 years' experience, is a nationally syndicated real estate columnist and author. |
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| Not all buyers are worth a counteroffer By Dian Hymer After mustering the emotional energy to make an offer on a listing, it can be devastating if you hear nothing back from the seller. In most cases, if the offer isn't what the sellers are looking for, they will issue a counteroffer detailing the price and terms they can live with. When a seller doesn't respond at all to your offer, it's usually because the offer is so low that the seller thinks it's a waste of everyone's time. Ask your agent to talk to the listing agent to find out why the seller didn't counter your offer. Then, make another offer if you think the house warrants a higher price. If the sellers want too much for their house, take a breather. Let the listing sit on the market awhile before you make another offer. The risk of this approach is that another buyer could come into the picture who is willing to pay the sellers' price. Nothing is lost if you wouldn't have paid that price. Your agent should keep in touch with the listing agent during your wait-and-see period. Ideally, you'd like to know if the sellers are going to reduce the price before it shows up on the multiple listing service. A price reduction to market value could elicit interest from multiple buyers. Risk-averse sellers can be skittish about working with buyers who have a low cash downpayment. It's wise to include a mortgage preapproval letter with your offer. Also, some sellers aren't in a position to accept an offer that's contingent on the sale of the buyers' home. Another reason buyers don't receive counteroffers is because there were multiple offers. The sellers can accept only one offer in primary position. If there were five offers and yours was the lowest, you're not likely to receive a counteroffer. Multiple offers are occurring in low-inventory, high-demand markets. Buyers were out early this year due to lower home prices, low interest rates and homebuyer tax credits. HOUSE HUNTING: A typical reaction from buyers who lose in a multiple-offer competition is that they would have paid more. When you're competing against other buyers, you need to make your first offer your best offer. This seems counterintuitive because you run the risk of paying more than you might need to. One way to ensure that you don't pay too much is to include an appraisal contingency in your purchase offer. Generally, an appraisal contingency allows the buyers to withdraw from the contract if the house doesn't appraise for the purchase price. In today's wary lending environment, lenders are requiring appraisers to be conservative on appraisals, particularly in declining markets. Be aware that some buyers in a competitive situation will not include an appraisal contingency in their contract. If they have a large enough cash downpayment and the appraisal value is less that the contract price, the lender may still approve a loan amount that will enable to the buyer to proceed with the sale. THE CLOSING: Buyers who want a house badly enough will often pay more than the appraised value if they have enough cash to make up the shortfall. Dian Hymer, a real estate broker with more than 30 years' experience, is a nationally syndicated real estate columnist and author. |
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| Hot Links |
| Forward National Manufactured Home Financing http://www.forwardnational.com Manufactured Home Financing http://www.mechanics-coop.com/ Donna J. Farias, Keller Williams Realty http://agent.kw.com/134121 Manufactured Housing Global Network http://mobilehome.com/ |
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